Communication Tools [Tsushin-Gu]
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Telephones
[Denwa-Ki]
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The most popular field telephone
for the Army was the M-92 (1932). This telephone was a box
type of about 6kg which was made largely of aluminum and wood
and which used two dry batteries. The telephone was contained
in a leather carrying case. A crank on a side of the box generated
the ring, and the microphone and earphone were separate from
the box. The set was capable not only for voice communications
but also for communication by telegram, and this function
was operated by a wooden button on the side plate of the box.
Lighter weight telephone sets, such as the m-93 and M-2 were
used also. The Navy used the same models of telephone and
they may have had lighter sets of their own. About 80,000
M-92 telephone sets were produced among several commercial
companies.
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Model
92 Telephone Sets |
Front:
A field switch board
Middle Left: Machine made by Anritsu Denki
Middle Right: Machine made by Nihon Denki (with batteries
by Matsushita)
Rear: A leather container for a field phone |
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Wood
Box Telephones (Later War Type) |
Left:
Model 2 Portable Telephone Set
Right: Special Portable Telephone Set (made by Oki Denki/1944) |
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Radios
[Musen-Ki]
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The typical field radio was
the M-94, which was manufactured in three types. The Type
3 was stationary and its receiver and transmitter were separate
unit. The Type 5 was portable and its receiver and transmitter
also were separate. The type 6 combined receiver and transmitter
in one unit. All types had the capability for both voice and
telegram communications. The number of vacuum tubes in each
set determined the range of use; for example, the Type 5's
voice communication reached 20km. There were two kinds of
electric sources for the field radios: dry batteries and hand-cranked
generator. The radios were rather light weight, but the generator
was heavy. Mr. William Howard is an authority in the U.S.
on Japanese radios.
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Repair
Tools for Radio Sets |
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Signal
Pistols [Shingou-Jyu]
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The Army used but one signal
pistol, the M-10 (1921) 35mm single barrel pistol. This model
was made until 1945 and a total of 8500 were made. The overall
length of this pistol is 208mm and its barrel length is 120mm.
The pistol uses brass cartridges which are reloadable and
which have deeply inscribed characters on their bases which
allow the user to identify the type of cartridge at night
by finger touch.
The Navy had three major
models of signal pistol, all of which used 28mm paper cartridges.
The M-90 pistol was made in both double and triple barrell
variants. The M-97 pistol had but one barrel and was handy
for use on aircraft. The M-90 pistols were made by Kayaba
and the M-97s were made by Kawaguchiya.
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Other
Communication Tools
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Several models of light system,
bugles, and flags were used by Japanese military forces.
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